Includes both combatants and civilians, as reported by Israeli sources. This market will resolve after the war is over and official estimates are available. Close date may be extended. [see criteria below for what counts as an 'Israeli source' and for the war to be 'over']
Note
This market is only for Palestinian deaths, i.e. people from Gaza and potentially the West Bank (but only if the deaths are related to the war). This will not include any deaths from other parties that might join the war, nor of Israeli-Arabs, regardless of how they identify. This is done to clear up the market definitions and make it resolvable, not because of taking any stance as to people's identities.
Clarifications of resolution criteria
The market's comment section got very active, so I'm publishing a summary of all the relevant comments here.
What counts as an 'Israeli source'
1. They must be published in Hebrew or Arabic, Israel's official languages. (added Jan 21st)
2. They must be published by an Israeli organization, with their HQ and primary operations in Israel. Subsidiaries of foreign networks, such as CNN or Al-Jazeera will not be considered Israeli sources. (added Jan 23rd)
3. Death toll figures reported by non-Israeli international organizations, such as the UN, will not be used under any circumstances - the market is about Israeli sources only (added Jan 23rd)
3a. Note that trustworthy Israeli sources will be accepted regardless of whom they're quoting as the source of their numbers.
4. Social media posts will not be accepted unless they are from a very high profile person or organization based in Israel. (added Jan 31st)
5. English articles, even if issued by Israeli media, will not be used as inputs because they are aimed at a foreign audience. (added Jan 31st)
Please submit more sources that meet the criteria above in the comments!
The definition of 'the war being over'
Either of the following should be true:
- There's a ceasefire agreement between Israel and Hamas that lasts for at least 30 days. [Currently pending, the war will be considered over if ceasefire persists till Feb 19th, 2025]
- There's a 30-day period in which fewer than 100 people die on the Palestinian side due to the war, even in the absence of a formal ceasefire agreement.
(from October 13th, 2023)
How the market will be resolved
- All numbers published between Day 1 of the ceasefire and 6 weeks after the ceasefire started will be used, with a simple average of all sources. If any given ceasefire is interrupted, the market will be extended until next time. Current
- If a single publication publishes multiple numbers within the accepted time period, the creator will select the number they find most trustworthy or average the latest numbers if no specific number is highlighted.
- Each publication/source only counts as one input into the final average.
- [Now moot, we have post-Jan 19th numbers] Older numbers will be used if no new numbers are published between Jan 19th and Mar 5th.
(clarified on Jan 28th and Jan 29th)
Other updates
October 15th, 2023
I've sold all my positions to avoid bias when resolving this market.
July 8th, 2024
Since the war has lasted much longer than expected, resolving this market will likely be very difficult. Once the war is complete, I will ask for help from both Israeli and Palestinian Manifold/Metaculus users to help determine a fair estimate from Israeli sources.
January 19th, 2025
A ceasefire officially started on Jan 19th, 2025. If the ceasefire is still considered 'active' on Feb 19th, 2025, this market will close. It will then resolve on Mar 5th to give 2 more weeks for Israeli sources to publish estimates. Note that the criteria for what counts as the war being over have been pre-committed to and will not change at this point. (see comment from Jan 23rd) - also means that this market will not reopen if hostilities resume after Feb 19th.
Update 2025-02-16 (PST) (AI summary of creator comment): Update Breakdown:
The market will almost certainly close on Feb 19th if the ceasefire remains active.
The final resolution will occur on March 6th (updating the previous note of March 5th).
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2025_Gaza_war_ceasefire#Violations - I consider the
ceasefire to have been a success over the past month, so the war is considered to be over as per the definition of this market. A final resolution will occur in 2 weeks, giving Israeli newspapers more time to update their estimates.
Looks like the ceasefire will be active on Feb 19: https://manifold.markets/PoliticalEconomyPK/will-the-israel-hamas-ceasefire-end
So the market will close, and then Israeli sources will resolve to <64K.
@nsokolsky Right, to give time for new reports. It seems all reports are <64K except for the Lancet which was slightly over 64K, so the market probably will resolve to 32-64K.
https://t.me/alexmehacarmel/24554
This is reporting on Al Jazeera numbers but published by Israeli telegram in Hebrew.
Does this count? Perhaps, if reporting from Lancet counts.
Abu Ali express definitely counts. Iโll find more links.
@nathanwei please see reformatted question text (did not add any new rules, just reformatted for readability)
@nsokolsky I guess this doesnโt count because itโs social media but not Abu Ali express level? The part where it cites Al Jazeera is OK, the issue is that itโs โsocial mediaโ but not super high profile.
Market closure updated to Feb 19th, looks like ceasefire is holding up. Update to clarify: market is closed is Feb 19th (since after that market can't open up), resolution 2 weeks later on Mar 5th.
@nsokolsky unjustified,
it will take them time to count all the dead in the north that died previously, the numbers will change dramatically at the next weeks. This is not how you should change the resolution date of a market that has been running for 1.2 years.
I know it seems that since the ceasefire is on so the war "ended" but practically it will take them time to organize all the mess, and know the right numbers.
You shouldn't change the resolution date, being a bit more patient won't do any harm.
@CarmelHadar sorry, to clarify (this is also in the main question text). The market will close on Feb 19th as that's when the war is considered to be 'over'. Then there's 2 more weeks to give Israeli media publish new estimates.
@nsokolsky Would you consider this to be a successful market if you resolve to one range on March 5th, but then 4 months later Israeli sources are clearly saying the death toll was in a different bracket?
https://www.alquds.co.uk/ุญููู ุฉ-ุบุฒุฉ-ุฃูุซุฑ-ู ู-61-ุฃูู-ููุณุทููู-ุงุณุชุดูุฏู/
ุบุฒุฉ: ุฃุนูู ุฑุฆูุณ ุงูู ูุชุจ ุงูุฅุนูุงู ู ุงูุญููู ู ูู ุบุฒุฉุ ุณูุงู ุฉ ู ุนุฑููุ ุงูุฃุญุฏุ ุฃู ุญุฑุจ ุงูุฅุจุงุฏุฉ ุงูุฅุณุฑุงุฆูููุฉ ุนูู ูุทุงุน ุบุฒุฉุ ุงูุชู ุงุณุชู ุฑุช ุฃูุซุฑ ู ู 15 ุดูุฑุงุ ุฃุณูุฑุช ุนู ุงุณุชุดูุงุฏ 61709 ููุณุทูููููุ ุจูููู 17881 ุทูููุงุ ุฅุถุงูุฉ ุฅูู ุชุถุฑุฑ ุฃูุซุฑ ู ู 450 ุฃูู ูุญุฏุฉ ุณูููุฉ.
ููุงู ู ุนุฑูู ุฎูุงู ู ุคุชู ุฑ ุตุญุงูู ุนูุฏู ูู ู ุฏููุฉ ุบุฒุฉ: โุงูุฅุจุงุฏุฉ ุงูุฅุณุฑุงุฆูููุฉ ุจุงููุทุงุน ุฃุฏุช ูุงุณุชุดูุงุฏ ุฃูุซุฑ ู ู 61709 ุดูุฏุงุก ู ููู 47487 ูุตููุง ุฅูู ุงูู ุณุชุดููุงุช ูุจูู 14222 ู ูููุฏุง ุชุญุช ุงูุฑูุงู โ.
Gaza: The head of the government media office in Gaza, Salama Maarouf, announced on Sunday that the Israeli war of extermination on the Gaza Strip, which lasted for more than 15 months, resulted in the martyrdom of 61,709 Palestinians, including 17,881 children, in addition to the damage of more than 450,000 housing units.
Maarouf said during a press conference held in Gaza City: โThe Israeli extermination in the Strip led to the martyrdom of more than 61,709 martyrs, 47,487 of whom arrived at hospitals, and 14,222 remained missing under the rubble.โ
Still 61709 < 64000.
@VonGadke what do you think happened to all the missing?, I bet at least 3K of them will be found dead...
@CarmelHadar Most of them yes, some part was outright invented:
https://english.ahram.org.eg/News/530328.aspx
โWe have observed the evaporation of the bodies of 1,760 martyrs due to the (Israeli) occupationโs use of internationally prohibited weapons,โ Gazaโs Civil Defense said at a press conference in Deir al-Balah.
These ones are definitely counted as missing even though I never heard that a human body can evaporate in non-nuclear explosion.
@VonGadke Do you have source backing up these "invented casualties" or is it your man-off-the-street opinion?
@VonGadke when there are news reports that thermobaric weapons can cause this kind of damage, I think you'll need to be a weapons expert, or refer to one, before you can deem it as "outright invented."
Abu Ali Express (a pretty reliable and popular Israeli channel https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu_Ali_Express ) says that Hamas reports 61709 and that this is an overestimate. It is from February, so well within the relevant time. Also it is in Hebrew.
https://t.me/abualiexpress/87805
ืืฉืืช ืืืกืืจื ืฉื ืืืืก ืืคืจืกืืช ื ืชืื ืื (ืืขื ืืืืืืื ืืืจืืื - ื"ืข) ืขื ื ืืงื ืืืืืื ืืจืฆืืขื: 61,709 ืืจืืืื ืืชืืื 14,222 ื ืขืืจืื ืืชืืช ืืืจืืกืืช. 111,588 ืคืฆืืขืื. 6,000 ืขืฆืืจืื ื ืืงืื ืืฉืืจืื ืฉื ืืืชืจ ื 50 ืืืืืืจื ืืืืจ ืืืื ืืกืงืืืจืื ืืจืฆืืขื ืข"ืค ืืขืจืืืช ืจืืฉืื ืืืช. ื ืืง ื 450 ืืืฃ ืืืืืืช ืืืืจ ืืชืืื 170 ืืืฃ ื ืืจืกื ืืืื, 80 ืืืฃ ื ืคืืขื ืืฆืืจื ืงืฉื ื 200 ืืืฃ ื ืคืืขื ืืืืคื ืืืงื.
@nathanwei Abu Ali is the most popular telegram account in Hebrew. But he only quotes Hamas ministry of health as he did that every day. It doesn't mean he acknowledged the numbers, in fact multiple times he questioned those numbers.
@CarmelHadar Yes, it says that this is if anything an overestimate. So it should be counted as giving an estimate under 62K. Has he given his own explicit numbers? Anyway, either way this is an Israeli media outlet reporting <=62K deaths.
I am somewhat displeased by the amount of lobbying going on in the comments section. I have withdrawn my stake in the market for that reason. I think it would be better if the market creator used the most credible source rather than doing this bizarre thing that weirdly promotes apologism. It is as if you asked Mao Zedong how many people died as a result of his Great Leap Forward and then presented the answer as remotely objective.
@Balasar I am linking Haaretz articles accusing Israel of committing genocide and talking about how the war has a big death toll...
@Balasar I agree that using the simple average of "all sources" is not a good solution. One could try to weight them by approximate popularity. I would probably prefer if @nsokolsky just used his own judgment.