https://www.livescience.com/technology/computing/small-room-temperature-quantum-computers-that-use-light-on-the-horizon-after-breakthrough-scientists-say

Resolution criteria

This market will resolve to "Yes" if, by December 31, 2027, a company publicly announces the availability of a commercial room-temperature quantum processing unit (QPU). The announcement must be verifiable through reputable news sources or official company press releases. The QPU must be intended for commercial sale and operation at room temperature without requiring cryogenic cooling systems.

Background

Quantum processing units (QPUs) are the core components of quantum computers, performing computations using quantum bits (qubits). Traditional QPUs often require extremely low temperatures to maintain qubit stability, necessitating complex and costly cooling infrastructure. Room-temperature QPUs operate without such cooling, potentially reducing costs and expanding practical applications.

Several companies are actively developing room-temperature QPUs:

• Quantum Brilliance has developed diamond-based quantum accelerators that function at room temperature. In November 2024, they announced the sale of their second-generation Quantum Development Kit (QB-QDK2.0) to the Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Solid State Physics IAF in Germany. (quantumbrilliance.com)

• IonQ announced in February 2025 the completion of a prototype ion trap vacuum package designed for compact, room-temperature quantum systems. This innovation aims to reduce energy consumption and simplify system components. (ionq.com)

• Rigetti Computing launched the Novera QPU in December 2023, their first commercially available quantum processing unit. While this QPU is commercially available, it is not specified to operate at room temperature. (datacenterdynamics.com)

• Microsoft introduced the Majorana 1 chip in February 2025, claiming it as the first quantum processing unit based on a topological core. However, the operational temperature requirements for this device are not specified. (en.wikipedia.org)

Considerations

• Definition of "Commercial": The QPU must be available for purchase by businesses or institutions, not limited to research prototypes or internal company use.

• Verification Sources: Acceptable sources include official company press releases, reputable news outlets, and industry publications.

• Operational Temperature: The QPU must function at standard room temperature without the need for cryogenic cooling systems.

• Announcement Timing: The announcement must occur on or before December 31, 2027, regardless of the actual availability date of the QPU.