Resolution criteria clarifications:

• If the moon is being mined already and it takes over those operations, I'd count that, though I suspect that scenario is relatively low probability given how rapidly accelerating AI development is right now compared to super stagnant space exploration.

• I'm defining ASI as an AI system that can outperform 100% of the human population at any cognitive task. Since software can be easily copied and ran in parallel or have its clock speed ramped up, it's also not hard to see how the ASI could also outperform the cumulative efforts of all of humanity combined.

• For lunar mining, I'm defining it as industrial extraction of materials from the moon for the purpose of manufacturing. This includes using for fuel (e.g. helium-3 for fusion reactors, hydrogen for rockets) or for supporting life (e.g. water ice). The main thing is that it's extracted, processed, and used for some kind of practical technology, rather than just left as is and observed like for science or artistic collection (e.g. an astronaut grabbing a single moon rock for science doesn't count).

• By industrial extraction, in this case I mean building systems designed to efficiently extract large amounts of material over a long period of time (e.g. smelting a single gram of ore once as a test wouldn't count).

Arguments raised for:

• The moon might be considered a much safer testing ground for ASI capabilities than Earth.

• We may not know we have created ASI before running it, and we are using little guardrails currently.
  Any guardrails put in place may be inadequate due to lack of people taking possibility of ASI seriously, and possible security flaws in our current systems.

• Once the Earth runs out of certain resources, the moon is the nearest place to get more.

• At the upper bound, aligned ASI may be able to expand its influence near light speed.

Arguments raised against:

• ASI may be on very heavy guardrails for years after creation.

• We still haven't started mining Antarctica a century after the first human settlements.

• An aligned ASI may not expand to cosmic influence before we had actually given it the go-ahead, and the section of humanity that controls the ASI might be extremely hesitant and/or unambitious.