This market will resolve to "Yes" if another sovereign nation officially declares war on either Israel or Hamas by December 31, 2023, ET. Declarations of war must be clear, explicit, and from a sovereign nation. The market will resolve to "No" if no such official declaration of war is made by the specified date. Note that Israel or Hamas declaring war is not considered for this market. Further note if e.g. Hezbollah declared war, it will not satisfy a “Yes” resolution - only Lebanon itself declaring war will suffice.