Prompting means direct prompting of a generalist model and includes optimized prompts used with a generalized model such as those created through a framework like DSPy.

Alternatives to direct prompting of a generalist model would include fine-tuning a generalist model with adapters and then using prompts on that to get specific behavior or using representation vectors with prompts over a generalist model, where the behavior is controlled using the representation vector.

Part of the question here is will the market make it such that fine tuning is available in an ordinary programming workflow to the point that it becomes the dominant method of controlling model behavior.