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"Flavio appoints" means that Flavio officially appoints a justice to a seat in the Supreme Court, that appointment is approved by the Senata and the justice takes office in the court.

Currently there is one opening in the Supreme Court. In thesis, Lula could appoint a new justice as a lame duck, although improbable

The next justices to retire are Luiz Fux (2028) and Carmen Lucia (2029). Gilmar Mendes should retire in december of 2030. Flavio could in thesis appoint a new justice at the end of his mandate, but again this is improbable

Impeachment answers only resolve YES if the justice is removed from office after a vote for impeachment passes the Senate

Voluntarily steps down from office only resolves YES if a justice retires early. If a justice decides to leave in order to avoid an impeachment process, it still counts as voluntary

This market only pertains to the following presidential mandate and is not extendable to a potential second mandate. Thus, it will finalize on the 5th of January 2031. If Flavio loses or is otherwise unable to take office, this market resolves to NA