September 2024 was the second hottest September on record.

https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/monitoring/monthly-report/global/202409

August 2024 was the hottest August on record.

https://www.noaa.gov/news/earth-had-its-hottest-august-in-175-year-record

NASA is different record though I believe they use many of the same temperature records.
Shows August at +1.30C compared to last years record of 1.19C.

These temperature records are normally very similar but August 2024 may be an exception.
https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/tabledata_v4/GLB.Ts+dSST.txt

Note this isn't the data that matters.

This is about world wide records, not about US specifically, right?

Yes, this is based on the global average temperature.

And it's about land-and-ocean surface temperatures, not just land surface temperatures?

From what is said by NOAA, that is correct, it should be global surface temperature which includes both sea surface temperature and surface air temperature.