A lot of stuff I've been interested is up at https://knowledge.uzpg.me
I have an interest in ML and worked on https://arxiv.org/abs/2303.13506, but
am curious in general (not just ML plz) and will not reward people for papers I've already read. Thanks!
1,000
3.00"College Admissions and the Stability of Marriage" by Gale and Shapley. Very easy and interesting. If you like it, there's a lot, lot, lot more to read about matching.
"Down With Determinants!" by Sheldon Axler, if you haven't read Linear Algebra Done Right (or something similar).
A quick look at your wiki shows interest in physics (lots of EM stuff) and CS. If this is not only due to the necessity if passing courses, you might find the following interesting: "A short course on fast multipole method" (Beatson, Greengard - available as PDF, 37 fairly sparse pages)
This is about N-body problem where N particles interact with each other according to a potential of the form 1/r (or similar), like gravity or electrostatics. One might think the complexity to compute forces on all particles, for instance to simulate such a system, would be O(N^2). However, to the delight of many, it turns out such problems can be solved in O(N log N), and even more surprisingly O(N). This document progressively introduce how such feats are achieved. The original Rokhlin & Greengard paper is already pretty readable, but this course document demonstrate the 1d and 2d case before moving on to 3d in a way that builds intuition of the method.
In the same vein, "Ewald summation for Coulomb Interaction in a Periodic Supercell" (Lee, Cai) introduces another such "fast summation" scheme in a clear and accessible fashion.
More is Different: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.177.4047.393
and the retrospective 50 Years of More is Different: https://www.nature.com/articles/s42254-022-00483-x
Computability for the Absolute Galois Group of Q is an amazing paper because the tree-like structure of the absolute Galois group Gal(\overline{Q}/Q) described therein made me really feel like I understood what its structure was like (whereas before it was basically a mystery), and this group does have a slight/moderate importance in the area of number theory. The proofs in the paper are rather dense but I think you only really need to pay attention to the theorem statements.
Bizarre yet broadly plausible far future scenario where organisms are desperate to reach distant stars yet relinquish then immediately. Space economics, Robin Hanson.