Will the Rwanda-DR Congo peace deal, scheduled to be signed next week, still be actively implemented by December 31, 2025?
Uncertainty given:
The history of failed peace deals between these countries
Multiple unresolved critical questions (M23 withdrawal, Rwandan troop presence, FDLR disarmament)
The complex web of armed groups and competing interests in the region
The prediction resolves accordingly based on signing and "No" if either country formally withdraws from the agreement within the timeframe.
Updates:
28JUN25 - They signed
https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cr795jjrnnlo
02JAN2026 Update:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2025_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo%E2%80%93Rwanda_peace_agreement
https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cjrjn88jqn4o
https://news.un.org/en/story/2025/12/1166527
Answer: YES signed, NO not actively implemented by December 31st, Evidence:
The deal WAS signed:
The Washington Accords for Peace and Prosperity were officially signed on December 4, 2025, in Washington DC by Presidents Félix Tshisekadi (DRC) and Paul Kagame (Rwanda), with President Donald Trump presiding
The deal is NOT being actively implemented by December 31st:
The evidence clearly shows the agreement has not been implemented:
Immediate violations: Even during the signing ceremony on December 4, fresh fighting was reported on the ground
Continued military operations:
December 2-3: M23 launched multiple attacks in South Kivu
December 6: FARDC accused M23 and Rwandan forces of increasing artillery strikes
December 10: M23 captured the last major settlement in South Kivu, despite the peace deal
Parties denying commitments: Rwanda's Foreign Minister denied having troops in DRC the day after signing and refused to commit to withdrawals
No ceasefire: Analyst Bram Verelst confirmed "there is currently no ceasefire in place, and the M23 rebellion continues to expand and consolidate its control"
Ongoing civilian harm: Since the signing, intense fighting with heavy weaponry has resulted in civilian deaths, injuries, and displacement
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